托福阅读真题练习：城市发展的文本+真题+答案
- 2017年12月07日15:19 来源：小站整理
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托福阅读如何进行备考?除了大量的托福词汇储备以外，大家可能最需要的就是托福阅读真题的练习。那么除了官方真题Official你还有哪些托福阅读真题进行练习呢?今天小编就为大家整理了托福阅读真题100篇：城市发展的文本、题目以及答案，希望可以帮助到大家。
托福阅读文本：
Cities develop as a result of functions that they can perform. Some functions result directly
from the ingenuity of the citizenry, but most functions result from the needs of the local area and
of the surrounding hinterland (the region that supplies goods to the city and to which the city
furnishes services and other goods). Geographers often make a distinction between the situation
and the site of a city. Situation refers to the general position in relation to the surrounding region,
whereas site involves physical characteristics of the specific location. Situation is normally much
more important to the continuing prosperity of a city. If a city is well situated in regard to its
hinterland, its development is much more likely to continue. Chicago, for example, possesses an
almost unparalleled situation: it is located at the southern end of a huge lake that forces east-west
transportation lines to be compressed into its vicinity, and at a meeting of significant land and
water transport routes. It also overlooks what is one of the world's finest large farming regions.
These factors ensured that Chicago would become a great city regardless of the disadvantageous
characteristics of the available site, such as being prone to flooding during thunderstorm activity.
Similarly, it can be argued that much of New York City's importance stems from its early and
continuing advantage of situation. Philadelphia and Boston both originated at about the same time
as New York and shared New York's location at the western end of one of the world's most
important oceanic trade routes, but only New York possesses an easy-access functional connection
(the Hudson-Mohawk lowland) to the vast Midwestern hinterland. This account does not alone
explain New York's primacy, but it does include several important factors. Among the many
aspects of situation that help to explain why some cities grow and others do not, original location
on a navigable waterway seems particularly applicable. Of course, such characteristic as slope,
drainage, power resources, river crossings, coastal shapes, and other physical characteristics help
to determine city location, but such factors are normally more significant in early stages of city
development than later.
托福阅读题目：
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) The development of trade routes through United States cities
(B) Contrasts in settlement patterns in United States
(C) Historical differences among three large United States cities
(D) The importance of geographical situation in the growth of United States cities
2. The word "ingenuity" in line 2. is closest in meaning to
(A) wealth
(B) resourcefulness
(C) traditions
(D) organization
3. The passage suggests that a geographer would consider a city's soil type part of its
(A) hinterland
(B) situation
(C) site
(D) function
4.According to the passage , a city's situation is more important than its site in regard to the city's
(A) long-term growth and prosperity
(B) ability to protect its citizenry
(C) possession of favorable weather conditions
(D) need to import food supplies
5. The author mentions each of the following as an advantage of Chicago's location EXCEPT its
(A) hinterland
(B) nearness to a large lake
(C) position in regard to transport routes
(D) flat terrain
6. The word "characteristics" in line 14 is closest in meaning to
(A) choices
(B) attitudes
(C) qualities
(D) inhabitants
7. The primary purpose of paragraph 1 is to
(A) summarize past research and introduce a new study
(B) describe a historical period
(C) emphasize the advantages of one theory over another
(D) define a term and illustrate it with an example
8.According to the passage , Philadelphia and Boston are similar to New York City in
(A) size of population
(B) age
(C) site
(D) availability of rail transportation
9. The word "functional" in line 20 is closest in meaning to
(A) alternate
(B) unknown
(C) original
(D) usable
10. The word "it" in line 21 refers to
(A) account
(B) primacy
(C) connection
(D) hinterland
11. The word "significant" in line 26 is closest in meaning to
(A) threatening
(B) meaningful
(C) obvious
(D) available
托福阅读答案：
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以上就是小编为大家整理的托福阅读100篇真题练习：城市发展的文本、题目以及答案，大家在托福阅读考试进行备考的过程当中也可以拿这些题目来进行练习，相信对于你的托福阅读考试成绩提升会很有帮助。最后，小编预祝大家托福考试能取得理想的成绩。
