【小站原创】官方真题Official10托福听力Lecture2文本+真题+答案解析
- 2018年01月31日18:07 来源：小站整理
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现在大家在进行托福备考时官方真题Official托福模考软件相信是大家用的最多的工具了，对于托福成绩的提升是非常有帮助的。托福听力可以说是整个托福考试当中比较重要的一个部分，如何利用现有资料官方真题Official模考软件来提升大家的托福成绩呢?今天小编在这里整理了官方真题Official10托福听力Lecture2文本+题目+答案解析来分享给大家，希望对大家托福听力备考有帮助。
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官方真题Official10托福听力Lecture2原文文本
Narrator: Listen to part of a lecture in a European History Class.
Professor: So would it surprise you to learn that many of the foods that we today consider traditional European dishes that their key ingredients were not even known in Europe until quite recently, until the European started trading with the native peoples of North and South America? I mean, you are probably aware that the Americas provide Europe and Asia with foods like squash, beans, turkey, peanuts. But what about all those Italian tomato sauces, Hungarian goulash or my favorite, French fries? Those yummy fried potatoes?
Student: Wait. I mean I knew potatoes were from where, South America?
Professor: South America. Right, the Andes Mountains.
Student: But you are saying tomatoes, too? I just assume since they’re used in so many Italian dishes.
Professor: No, like potatoes, Tomatoes grew wild in the Andes, although unlike potatoes, they weren’t originally cultivated there. That seems to have occurred first in Central America. And even then, the tomato doesn’t appear to have been very important as a food plant until the Europeans came on the scene. They took it back to Europe with them around 1550. And Italy was indeed the first place where it was widely grown as a food crop. So in a sense, it really is more Italian than American.
And another thing and this is true of both potato and tomato. Both of these plants are members of the Nightshade family. The Nightshade family is a category of plants which also includes many that you wouldn’t want to eat, like mandrake, belladonna, and even tobacco. So it’s no wonder that people once considered potatoes and tomatoes to be inedible too, even poisonous. And in fact, the leaves of the potato plant are quite toxic. So it took both plants quite a while to catch on in Europe. And even longer before they made the return trip to North America and became popular food items here.
Student: Yeah, you know, I remember, I remember my grandmother telling me that when her mother was a little girl, a lot of people still thought that tomatoes were poisonous.
Professor: Oh, sure. People didn’t really start eating them here until the mid-eighteen hundreds.
Student: But seems like I heard... didn’t Thomas Jefferson grow them or something?
Professor: Well, that’s true. But then Jefferson is known not only as the third president of the United States, but also as a scholar who was way ahead of his time in many ways. He didn’t let the conventional thinking of his day restrain his ideas.
Now, potatoes went through a similar sort of ...uh... of a rejection process, especially when they were first introduced in Europe. You know how potatoes can turn green if they are left in the light too long? And that greenish skin can make the potatoes tastes bitter; even make you ill. So that was enough to put people off for over 200 years. Yes, Bill?
Student: I’m sorry, professor Jones. But I mean yeah ok. American crops have probably contributed a lot to European cooking over the years. But…
Professor: But have they really played any kind of important role in European history? Well, as a matter of fact, yes. I was just coming to that. Let’s start with North American corn or maize, as it’s often called. Now before the Europeans made contact with the Americas, they subsisted mainly on grains, grains that often suffered from crop failures.
And it’s largely for this reason that political power in Europe was centered for centuries in the South, around the Mediterranean Sea, which was where they could grow these grains with more reliability. But when corn came to Europe from Mexico, well, now they had a much hardier crop that could be grown easily in more northerly climates and the centers of power began to shift accordingly. And then, well, as I said potatoes weren’t really popular at first. But when they finally did catch on which they did first in Ireland around 1780.
Well, why do you suppose it happened? Because potatoes have the ability to provide an abundant and extremely nutritious food crop, no other crop grown in North Europe at the time had anything like the number of vitamins contained in potatoes. Plus, potatoes grown on the single acre of land could feed many more people than say, wheat grown on the same land. Potatoes soon spread to France and other Northern European countries. And as a result, the nutrition of the general population improved tremendously and population soared in the early 1800s and so the shift of power from southern to northern Europe continued.
官方真题Official10托福听力Lecture2题目文本
Question 1 of 6
What is the main purpose of the lecture?
A. To describe the trade in food crops between Europe and Americas.
B. To describe the introduction of American food crops to Europeans.
C. To describe the influence of American food crops on traditional European dishes.
D. To describe the difficulties of growing American food crops in European climates.
Question 2 of 6
What does the professor imply about certain plants in the nightshade family?
A. They grow best in Mediterranean climates.
B. Their leaves are high in nutritional value.
C. They were mistakenly believed to be related to potatoes.
D. They are dangerous when eaten by human beings.
Question 3 of 6
What does the professor imply about Thomas Jefferson's attitude toward tomatoes?
A. It was typical of his unconventional way of thinking.
B. It helped to advance his political career.
C. It changed the eating habits of North Americans.
D. It helped to make tomatoes popular in Europe.
Question 4 of 6
According to the professor,what was the long-term effect of the introduction of American corn and potatoes to Europe?
A. It had a negative effect on the nutritional intake of people living near the Mediterranean Sea.
B. It contributed to a shift in the balance of power from southern Europe to northern Europe.
C. It encouraged the development of new types of cuisine in southern Europe.
D. It led to the failure of many native European grain crops.
Question 5 of 6
According to the professor ,what is one of the reasons why potatoes became popular in Ireland?
A. Potatoes were more nourishing than native Irish food crops.
B. Potatoes grew better at higher altitudes than native Irish crops.
C. Political leaders in Ireland encouraged the cultivation of potatoes.
D. People in Ireland were not aware that potatoes are members of the nightshade family.
Question 6 of 6
What can be inferred about the professor when she says this?
A. She expects the student to provide an answer to her question.
B. She is surprised by the student's question.
C. She thinks that she knows what the student was going to ask.
D. She expects other students in the class to express their opinions.
官方真题Official10托福听力Lecture2答案解析
Question 1 of 6
正确答案：B
题目解析：通过lecture开头教授讲的内容，提示我们lecture的内容可能是讲述美国食物被引入到欧 洲的情况，而整个lecture 的内容印证了这个提示。所以答案应该选 B。
Question2 of 6
正确答案：D
题目解析：教授提到Nightshade 科的植物 很多都是不能吃甚至是有毒的，让人们曾误以为土豆和番茄也是不能吃的。这说明某些Nightshade 科的植物被人类吃了之后是会很危险的，所以应该选D。
Question 3 of 6
正确答案：A
题目解析：教授对 Jefferson 的评价是 He didn’t let the conventional thinking of his day restrain his ideas，而土豆和番茄在当时是被认为有毒的，所以 Jefferson 种植土豆和番茄这件事也是贯 彻了他不受常理约束的特质。所以答案应该选 A。
Question 4 of 6
正确答案：B
题目解析：在 lecture 的最后教授提到因为土豆和番茄在北欧的广泛传播，人们的体质得到改善，南北欧的力量平衡也 就发生了变化，所以答案应该选 B。
Question 5 of 6
正确答案：A
题目解析：对于番茄收到广泛欢迎的原因，教授解释说比起本地的作物，番茄含有更加大量的营 养物质。所以答案应该选A。
Question 6 of 6
正确答案：C
题目解析：教授在学生还没有提出完整问题的时候就借口说出了学生的问题，说明她完全了解学生到底想要问什么，所以答案应该选C。
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