托福写作中常用倒装句
- 2025年07月16日15:56 来源：小站整理
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### 部分倒装
1. **否定副词位于句首时**：当“never（从不）”“seldom（很少）”“hardly（几乎不）”“scarcely（几乎不）”“barely（几乎不）”“rarely（很少）”“not（不）”“not only（不但）”“not until（直到…… 才）”等否定副词或短语位于句首时，句子要部分倒装，即把助动词、情态动词或系动词提到主语之前。
- **示例1**：Never have I seen such a beautiful view.（我从未见过如此美丽的景色。）正常语序为 “I have never seen such a beautiful view.”
- **示例2**：Not only does he work hard, but also he is very smart.（他不仅工作努力，而且很聪明。）正常语序是 “He not only works hard, but also he is very smart.”
- **示例3**：Not until I got home did I realize I had lost my keys.（直到我到家，我才意识到我丢了钥匙。）正常语序为 “I did not realize I had lost my keys until I got home.”
2. **only + 状语位于句首时**：“only + 副词/介词短语/状语从句”位于句首时，句子要部分倒装。
- **示例1**：Only in this way can we solve the problem.（只有通过这种方式，我们才能解决问题。）正常语序是 “We can solve the problem only in this way.”
- **示例2**：Only when he came back did we know the truth.（只有当他回来时，我们才知道真相。）正常语序为 “We knew the truth only when he came back.”
3. **so/neither/nor位于句首时**：当 “so（也）” 表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人或事物，“neither/nor（也不）” 表示前面否定的内容也适用于另一个人或事物时，句子要部分倒装。
- **示例1**： He likes reading books, and so do I.（他喜欢读书，我也喜欢。）
- **示例2**： She didn't go to school yesterday, neither/nor did he.（她昨天没去上学，他也没去。）
4. **so/such...that结构中，so/such位于句首时**：为了强调 “so + 形容词/副词” 或 “such + 名词”，将其置于句首，句子要部分倒装。
- **示例1**：So difficult was the problem that I couldn't solve it.（这个问题如此难，以至于我无法解决它。）正常语序是 “The problem was so difficult that I couldn't solve it.”
- **示例2**： Such a beautiful day is it that we want to go out.（天气如此好，以至于我们想出去。）正常语序是 “It is such a beautiful day that we want to go out.”
### 完全倒装
1. **表示地点、方向、时间等的副词或介词短语位于句首时**：当 “here（这里）”“there（那里）”“out（向外）”“in（向内）”“up（向上）”“down（向下）”“away（离开）”“now（现在）”“then（那时）” 等副词以及 “in the room（在房间里）”“on the hill（在山上）”“at the entrance（在入口处）” 等介词短语位于句首，且句子的主语是名词时，句子要完全倒装，即把谓语动词直接放在主语之前。
- **示例1**：Here comes the bus.（公共汽车来了。）
- **示例2**：Out rushed the children.（孩子们冲了出去。）
- **示例3**：In the front of the classroom stood a teacher.（在教室前面站着一位老师。）
2. **表语位于句首时**：为了强调表语，将表语置于句首时，句子要完全倒装，结构为 “表语 + 系动词 + 主语”。
- **示例1**：Present at the meeting were some famous scientists.（出席会议的有一些著名的科学家。）正常语序是 “Some famous scientists were present at the meeting.”
- **示例2**： Gone are the days when we had no enough food.（我们没有足够食物的日子一去不复返了。）正常语序是 “The days when we had no enough food are gone.”
