Example 1 官方真题Official5-2 The Origin of the Pacific Island People
contrary to the arguments of some that much of the pacific was settled by Polynesians accidentally marooned after being lost and adrift, it seems reasonable that this feat was accomplished by deliberate colonization expeditions that set out fully stocked with food and domesticated plants and animals.
9. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
○ Some people have argued that the Pacific was settled by traders who became lost while transporting domesticated plants and animals.
○ The original Polynesian settlers were probably marooned on the islands, but they may have been joined later by carefully prepared colonization expeditions.
○ Although it seems reasonable to believe that colonization expeditions would set out fully stocked, this is contradicted by much of the evidence.
○ The settlement of the Pacific islands was probably intentional and well planned rather than accidental as some people have proposed.
先看原句,contrary to表示一个与主干部分相反的附加信息,主干部分在逗号之后,后半句说看起来合理的是这个壮举是由精心准备的殖民远征实现的,他们满载食物和动植物。原句中出现了一个表示相反的逻辑关系。选项中只有C和D含有转折关系。C说尽管看起来带着充足的食物殖民远征是合理的,但是这被很多证据反驳。原句中并没有体现用证据来反驳,所以C不正确。选项D中的intentional and well planed对应原句的deliberate,rather than 对应原句开头的contrary to,原文就是否定了意外,支持了精心准备,所以D正确。
Example 2 官方真题Official3-3 The Long-Term Stability of Ecosystems
Many ecologists now think that the relative long-term stability of climax communities comes not from diversity but from the "patchiness" of the environment, an environment that varies from place to place supports more kinds of organisms than an environment that is uniform.
11.Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incurred choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
○Ecologists now think that the stability of an environment is a result of diversity rather than patchiness.
○Patchy environments that vary from place to place do not often have high species diversity.
○Uniform environments cannot be climax communities because they do not support as many types of organisms as patchy environments.
○A patchy environment is thought to increase stability because it is able to support a wide variety of organisms.
Example 3 官方真题Official4-1 Deer Populations of the Puget Sound
11.Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
In addition to finding increase of suitable browse, like huckleberry and vine maple, Arthur Einarsen, longtime game biologist in the Pacific Northwest, found quality of browse in the open areas to be substantially more nutritive.
○Arthur Einarsen's longtime family with the Pacific Northwest ?helped ?him discover areas where deer had an increase in suitable browse.
○Arthur Einarsen found that deforested feeding grounds provided deer with more and better food(browse).
○Biologist like Einarsen believe it is important ?to find additional open areas with suitable browse for deer to inhabit.
○According to Einarsen, huckleberry and vine maple are examples of vegetation that may someday improve the nutrition of deer ?in the open areas of the Pacific Northwest.
句子无明显逻辑,抓住干,句子有很多逗号,我们要先找到句子主语。开头in addition to是附加信息不会是主语,后面like举例子也不会是主语,再后面AE是一个人名,可能是主语,后面紧接着说生物学家,是AE的同位语,最后一个小分句, found是个动词,是句子谓语,这句话的核心是说AE发现空地上的草更有营养。到选项当中,只有B说 Arthur Einarsen 发现无树的觅食地点能给鹿提供更多更好的食物,这里的better对应原句more nutritive,deforested feeding grounds对应the open areas,因为the 表明前文中有提到,而前一句确实就说了deforested,因此完全对应,本题选B。