托福综合写作定位阅读中心论点及分论点的方法介绍(生态学科文章)

2016年10月13日15:14 来源：小站教育作者：小站托福编辑: 参与（5）阅读（4554）

摘要：大家都知道，在托福写作考试中分为综合写作和独立写作2个部分。两个部分的出题形式及要求是不一样的，其中综合写作中考生要同时注意阅读内容和听力内容，最后才是写作。这里小站教育编辑为大家整理了托福综合写作定位阅读中心论点及分论点的方法，希望对大家托福备考有帮助。

在托福综合写作考试中，考生要通过阅读内容和听力内容2个部分来决定你的文章该怎么写。那么对于阅读内容中的中心论点及分论点就是考生需要注意的，应该如何去寻找呢?这里小站教育编辑为大家整理了托福综合写作阅读部分定位阅读中心论点及分论点的方法，希望对大家托福写作备考有帮助。

这里小编通过官方真题Official中的综合写作中的阅读内容还给大家介绍一下如何找到定位阅读内容的中心论点及分论点。

阅读内容：

In the United States, it had been common practice since the late 1960s not to suppress natural forest fires. The “let it burn” policy assumed that forest fire would burn themselves out quickly, without causing much damage. However, in the summer of 1988, forest fires in Yellowstone, the most famous national park in the country, burned for more than two months and spread over a huge area, encompassing more than 800,000 acres. Because of the large scale of the damage, many people called for replacing the “let it burn” policy with a policy of extinguishing forest fires as soon as they appeared. Three kinds of damage caused by the “let it burn” policy were emphasized by critics of the policy.

在美国，从20世纪60年代末开始就非常普遍地对森林大火采取不扑灭的策略。这种“任其燃烧”的策略认为森林大火可以在不造成太多损失的情况下迅速燃烧完。然而1988年发生在美国最出名的黄石国家公园的森林大火却整整燃烧了两个月，蔓延了80万英亩。鉴于这次造成的巨大损失，很多人主张取消“任其燃烧”的策略，转向开始全力扑灭森林大火的策略。评论家们提供了三个由“任其燃烧”策略造成的损害来支持这个观点。

First, Yellowstone fires caused tremendous damage to the park’s trees and other vegetation. When the fires finally died out, nearly one third of Yellowstone’s land had been scorched. Trees were charred and blackened from flames and smoke. Smaller plants were entirely incinerated. What had been a national treasure now seemed like a devastated wasteland.

首先，黄石大火给公园里的树木以及其他植物造成了巨大的损失。当火燃尽的时候，黄石公园接近三分之一的面积已成焦土。火焰烧焦树木，浓烟熏黑树木。小型植物则被彻底烧成灰烬。曾经一度为国家宝库的地方现在看起来像一片荒芜之地。

Second, the park wildlife was affected as well. Large animals like deer and elk were seen fleeing the fire. Many smaller species were probably unable to escape. There was also concern that the destruction of habitats and the disruption of food chains would make it impossible for the animals that survived the fire to return.

第二，公园的野生动物也遭到了伤害。像鹿或者麋鹿这些大型动物在火灾中都逃脱了，但是很多小型动物却不能逃脱。同时，大火还破坏了动物的栖息地并打乱了食物链，这使得大火在结束之后，逃离的动物也无法回到栖息地。

Third, the fires compromised the value of the park as a tourist attraction, which in turn had negative consequences for the local economy. With several thousand acres of the park engulfed in flames, the tourist season was cut short, and a large number of visitors decided to stay away. Of course, local businesses that depended on park visitors suffered as a result.

第三，火灾会降低公园对游客的吸引力，进而对当地的经济造成不良的影响。由于数千英亩的土地被火焰吞没，旅游旺季缩短了，而很多游客都会选择放弃游览黄石公园。当地的经济对于旅游业依赖很大，自然会受到负面影响。

看到这个文章，我们首先需要找到的内容就是中心论点，在这个阅读内容中，首段最后一两句往往是整篇文章总观点，最好在纸上记下关键词作为笔记

Three kinds of damage caused by the “let it burn” policy were emphasized by critics of the policy.

那么分论点又有哪些呢?在这篇阅读应该说中分论点位于主体段首句或倒数一/二两句往往是该段分论点，若一主体段只有两句，则可能整段才能概括主旨

First, Yellowstone fires caused tremendous damage to the park’s trees and other vegetation.

Second, the park wildlife was affected as well.

Third, the fires compromised the value of the park as a tourist attraction, which in turn had negative consequences for the local economy.

其次对于阅读文章的分论点，有时考生可以通过主体段来找分论点，下面小编就带大家一起来看看。