【阅读备考】掌握考托中的被动阅读和主动阅读
- 2014年08月27日09:55 来源：小站整理
- 参与（0） 阅读（2782）
正在备战托福阅读的学生也许都能体会到，对于托福阅读的答题过程中，究竟是先阅读文章再答题，还是先看题目再阅读问题，再网友的讨论中都会是各执一。有人说先读一遍文章浪费时间，还是直接做题来的实际，也有人说先看文章能获得文章的大体信息，便于把握文章的逻辑架构。而抛开这些问题，这次就为大家详解一下什么是被动阅读，什么是主动阅读。他们之间又存在着怎样的关系。
很多学生阅读的过程中，会出现这样的一个情况也就是忽视整片文章的标题。脑袋里一般就是会想“管他呢，接着读下面就是了”，但是需要提醒你注意一下的就是，托福阅读很大一部分都会采用到一些学术性的章，有严谨的逻辑思维和清晰的文章架构。标题就相当于文章的主题，全篇围绕标题展开，忽略标题也就是让自己被动的在文中获取信息。比如：以下这篇以工业革命威题材的文章段落。
Powering the Industrial Revolution
In Britain one of the most dramatic changes of the Industrial Revolution was the harnessing of power. Until the reign of George Ⅲ(1760-1820), available sources of power for work and travel had not increased since the Middle Ages. There were three sources of power: animal or human muscles; the wind, operating on sail or windmill; and running water. Only the last of these was suited at all to the continuous operating of machines, and although waterpower abounded in Lancashire and Scotland and ran grain mills as well as textile mills, it had one great disadvantage: streams flowed where nature intended them to, and water-driven factories had to be located on their banks whether or not the location was desirable for other reasons. Furthermore, even the most reliable waterpower varied with the seasons and disappeared in a drought. The new age of machinery, in short, could not have been born without a new source of both movable and constant power.
阅读完标题之后，我们就可以试想文章内容可能会涉及到的内容，是工业革命对现在的影响、或是工业革命的发展等等都可能涉及到文章中的内容，带着发散性的思维让我们更快更好的理解了整片文章。而精读这段结束之后，不妨让自己做一个总结性的概括。这个段落中之前部分说的是动力来源，后半部分讲提供持续动力只有用水，但用水做动力有不足，要找的新的能力来源。这段文自也就是一个文章的铺垫。
