【小站名师】托福口语Task1金字塔结构的答题思路
- 2016年08月04日09:55 来源：小站教育作者：小站教育 Cynthia
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托福独立口语1/2题是大多数考生最为惧怕的两题，由于其出题形式的多样性，考生面对其各类话题应该保持思路清晰，冷静分析其两种答题结构，之后对应给出观点进行展开答题。下面和大家分享下，独立口语两道题其分别对应的两种答题结构，帮助考生高效快速答题。
一.TASK1
1.平行结构：1主旨句+2观点;
优点：加强论证的气势，并且体现语言的丰富性，论述更加充分
缺点：对时间的控制需要到位，以及对平时常见话题的词组积累要求高
比如真题(官方真题Official 11)
Talk about an interesting book you have read. Explain why you thought the book was interesting. Give specific details and examples to explain your answer.
首先来破题。我们可以看到，这道题目的题干并不难理解，答案的重点也比较容易抓住。很显然，在题干的疑问句中，限定性的重要信息有二点：
Interesting book: 这一点要求我们在答案中必须突出对有趣的书这一名词的解释。题目的要求是specific reasons and examples，那么这些reasons、examples一定是针对interesting这个属性而提出的;
You have read:这一点需要我们从本身阅读过的一本书去进行展开论述，而不是没读过的书籍
根据上面的平行结构，有这样的解题思路：
点题：The interesting book i have read is...
特点一：(Why?) 可以是例子、也可以是叙述
特点二：(Why else?) 三个形容词，扩展或者不扩展
范文：
The book I have read that was interesting is Pride and Prejudice for the following reasons. (给出主旨句，开门见山：Pride and Prejudice)
First of all, the plot is amazing. It gives me a chance to escape my life which can be stressful sometimes. The lovey-lovey story really comfort me,which could totally help to release me from heavy study loads.(简单叙述，指出其给我带来的好处：inspire me)
Second, I’ve learned a lot from Elizabeth, things like bravery. (进一步深化，影响我的第二个理由，脱离书中的情节，和feeling相关联)She is always full of courage no matter how hard his life is. And Darcy, is so brave to their love, that he would never give up on Elizabeth no matter how hard the situation gets. I wish I had a lover like him in my life who I can trust with my life.
2.金字塔结构：1主旨句+1观点;
优点：简介明了;观点明确;以及可以保证细节展开和论证
不足：观点给出不够充分;考生较容易出现表达繁琐和重复的问题
比如真题(官方真题Official13)
Talk about a game, sport or other group activity that is played in your country.
Explain why you think the activity is enjoyable.
同样需要先审题，了解其限定条件：in your country/group activity/enjoyable
按照金字塔结构，给出观点句：The game is...以及一个观点(why it is enjoyable)
其后的细节论述，可采用解释/递进/举例子等方式进行展开
范文：
Badminton is one group activity that is played in my country. (给出主旨句)It’s enjoyable because people can relax and get exercise from playing it. (给出观点，说明原因)Almost every community in my country has a badminton court and every afternoon adults after work and children after school come to play together. (论述其受欢迎的程度和现状)Adults play to relax and to get rid of the tiring work in the morning, while some kids come to play for fun and exercise. Some kids enjoy contesting with the other players. Some enjoy chasing the direction of the ball.(进一步解释和举例子，从adults和children两个角度分析)
总结：1.无论采用平行结构还是金字塔结构，需要注意的是合理安排答题时间，可具体量化到句子的具体数量(根据不同考生答题语速而定)
2.所有的观点的给出需要满足题干中的限制条件且不跑题;并且观点尽量简单，不宜太复杂;常用的两种观点给出形式：V+N/Be+adj/n
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