托福综合写作之听力分论点提炼
- 2016年11月29日13:19 来源：小站教育作者：小站教育申嘉莉老师
- 参与（8） 阅读（10910）
task1综合写作考试是学生失分最严重的部分，其考试形式是"阅读+听力+写作"模式，即先给考生阅读一篇文章，然后播放一段听力材料，然后要求结合阅读材料和听力材料，写作一篇200左右的文章。 对于综合写作而言，相信各位备考的考生都知道“得听力者得天下”这一说法。在这里为大家解读如何定位听力分论点信息，记录重点信息。
一. 了解听力文章结构
听力文本结构与阅读文本一致，分为四个段落，一个主观点加三个分论点。
二. 听力解题步骤
1. 听力的首段可以忽略
在综合写作中，听力内容都是去反驳阅读的内容，所以可以通过阅读观点可以预判得出听力的观点。
2. 听力分论点的给出方式
通过顺序词判断听力分论点的位置
顺序词： firstly, first, secondly, thirdly, finally
Example:
First of all, the public is likely to have greater exposure to fossils as a result of commercial fossil trade, not less exposure.
And third, the uneven pattern of otter decline is better explained by the orca predation theory than by the pollution theory.
重复阅读观点再转折得出听力观点
转折连词：although, though, but, however
Example:
Second, although orcas may prefer to hunt whales, whales have essentially disappeared from the area because of human hunters.
分论点的细节抓取
注意逻辑连词，逻辑连词之后的内容都是听力中的细节，有时候即使听力分论点没有听力也可以通过细节推论得出分论点
逻辑词：因果 because, as, for, since, so, therefore, hence, as a result, thus
让步although, though, but, however, yet, on the other hand
递进 besides, furthermore, moreover, what’s more. In addition
举例 for example for instance
Example: 官方真题Official10 分论点二
First, the pollution theory is weakened by the fact that no one can really find any dead sea others washing off on Alaskan beaches. That's not what you would expect if infections caused by pollution started killing a lot of otters. On the other hand, the fact that it's so hard to find dead otters is consistent with the predator hypothesis. If an otter is killed by a predator, it's eaten immediately so it can't wash up on shore.
On the other hand之后找不到死的dead sea otter 这个细节重复出现，可以推论得出是被捕猎者吃掉的。
综合写作听力内容的抓取主要步骤就是先根据顺序词判断分论点位置，然后要注意可能会先重复阅读观点再转折给出听力分论点，之后再是注意分论点中的细节，细节基本都在逻辑词之后，有时候分论点没有听出也没有关系可以通过细节推论得出听力分论点。简言之，听力要多注意信号词，对信号词要很敏感。
