如何应对托福写作中的提笔忘词？学会如何替换用词
- 2014年10月23日13:31 来源：小站整理
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对于托福考试来说，考场紧张是难免的事情。而最让人尴尬的事情，就是在写作过程中的提笔忘词。那么，在考场中遇到这样的情况应该怎么办呢？下面为你带来三种方法，让你在考场中应对提笔忘词也迎仍自如。
一、换用笼统词
词大体可分为两类：笼统词和具体词。笼统词的特点在于意义广泛、搭配性强。虽然它们独自不能精确表达一个动作，但在构成词组以后可替代很多具体词。写作中遇到一些具体词写不出来的时候，用笼统词取代，能收到异曲同工之妙。最常用的笼统词有 have，take等。
例：迈克经历了一个极其艰苦的时代。M ike experienced a terrible hard time.写作时，若忘记了experience可用笼统词have代替，写成M ike had a terrible hard time.同样能收到预期效果。
再看几例：
Are you married?= Do you have a wife /husband?
Do you understand my meaning?=Do you take my meaning?
She will subscribe（订阅）to Chi- na Today.=She will take China To- day.
二、换用同义词、反义词
遇到未曾学过的词或一时想不起的词时，可采用发散性思维，发挥想象力，尽可能想出与之有关的同义词、反义词，利用语言的内在联系、多层次、多角度地运用语言，使单词受阻现象得以解决。
例：昨晚李雷做了一场恶梦。
Li Lei had a nightmare last night. 因nightmare使用率不高，不易记住。但其同义词bad dream易记。上句可换译为：Li Lei had a bad dream last night.
再如：The food is tasty.=The food is nice toeat.=The food is delicious.
We discontinued the work at nine.=We stopped the work at nine.
This woman is talkative.=This woman is never quiet.
This car is expensive.=This car is not cheap.
三、换用迂回表达
当一个词或某些信息表达起来有困难时，要充分利用语言本身词汇丰富、句型多变等特点，进行迂回表达。因为任何一种表达形式，只要能达意便可接受。请仔细观察划线部分词语，看看是如何迂回表达的。
例：1.我从未见到过这样顽固的人。
I've never seen such a stubborn person.=I've never seen such a person who never listens to other's advice.
2.如果我们想得到文凭，我们必须首先通过考试。
If we want to obtain a diploma，we must first pass the exams.=If we want to get a graduation paper，we must first pass the exams.
3.工厂里的烟囱(chimney)拔地而起。
High chimneys have appeared in the factories.=The factories are full of high chimneys.=A lot of high chimneys can be seen in the factories.
4.他数学考试取得优异成绩，被大学录取了。
He passed the maths exam /succeeded in the maths exam and became a college student.
5.中午我们吃了野餐。
At noon we had a picnic.=At noon we had our lunch in the open air.
