托福阅读中的指代题是出镜率相当高的题型之一，此外，在非托福的各种考试中，学生也常常会遇到类似的指代题，所以掌握指代题的题型分类和解题技巧对考学来说都是非常重要技能。
例一：It has been suggested that Pakicetus fed on fish in shallow water and was not yet adapted for life in the open ocean. It probably bred and gave birth on land.
The word “It” in the passage refers to
(A) Pakicetus
(B) fish
(C) life
(D) ocean
例二：The popular is replacing the folk in industrialized countries and in many developing nations, Folk-made objects give way to their popular equivalent, usually because the popular item is more quickly or cheaply produced, is easier or time saving to use, or lends more prestige to the owner.
The word "their" in line 26 refer to
(A) folk
(B) nations
(C) countries
(D) objects
例三：It quickly proved a financial success as well. The prosperity of the Erie encouraged the state to enlarge its canal system by building several branches.
The word "its" in line 22 refers to
(A) Prosperity
(B) Erie
(C) System
(D) State
例四：When the jets strike the highly rarefied gas that percales intergalactic space, the fast-moving electrons lose their highly directional motion and form vast clouds of radio-emitting gas.
The word "their" in line 22 refers to
(A) speeds
(B) directions
(C) electrons
(D) clouds
