想要提升自己的托福阅读速度，平时的阅读练习是非常重要的。而在我们的练习中又该如何选好托福阅读的练习材料呢?在以下内容中，我们就为大家带来托福阅读背景知识，希望能为大家的备考带来帮助。
托福阅读背景知识：扫描视网膜取款技术
Citigroup to allow customers to withdraw money using retinal scanning
Citigroup is testing new technology that will allow customers to withdraw money using retinal scanning.
花旗银行(Citigroup)正在测试允许客户通过扫描视网膜取款的新技术。
The bank wants to replace PIN codes with biometric scanners that could identify customers using only their eyes.
花旗银行打算用仅通过客户的眼睛即可识别其身份的生物识别扫描仪来取代个人识别号码。
Customers would use a smartphone app to key in the amount they want to draw out ahead of time.
客户只需在智能手机客户端上提前输入他们想取出的金额就可以了。
As they approached the ATM, the app would link up to the machine and use retinal scanning to confirm the customer’s identity.
当客户走近自动取款机时，该客户端将与自动取款机连接，并通过扫描视网膜确认其身份。
The ATM would then release the cash, providing the scanner recognises the individual.
若扫描仪识别出客户的身份，自动取款机就会吐出现金。
Citigroup said the retinal scans would take 15 seconds to complete compared to 45 seconds for traditional transactions.
花旗银行表示，传统交易方式需花费45秒，而视网膜扫描技术可在15秒内完成交易。
It would, they claim, be more secure and would mean that cards could never be skimmed at an ATM again.
该银行声称，此项技术更加安全，将意味着再也不用将银行卡插入自动提款机了。
The Wall St Journal reported that Citigroup has not set a date for when the retinal scanners would be introduced.
《华尔街日报》报道称，花旗银行尚未确定何时将视网膜扫描仪投入使用。
The bank may have to overcome privacy concerns as some customers may be uncomfortable giving their biometric data to such an institution.
花旗可能需要解决人们对隐私的担忧，因为部分客户可能会对将自己的生物识别数据提供给银行这种机构感到不安。
Citigroup says it has been working with cash machine manufacturer Diebold and has confirmed that preliminary scanning tests have been carried out on 30 consumers in a laboratory at its head office in New York.
花旗称，该银行一直都在与自动取款机制造商迪堡(Diebold)公司合作。花旗银行还确认，花旗已经在纽约总行的实验室对30名客户进行了初步的扫描测试。
The test cash machines do not even need a screen or a touchpad as all the information is loaded by the app ahead of time.
受测的自动取款机甚至不需要安装屏幕或触摸板。因为客户端提前加载了所有的信息。
Citigroup is not the only financial institution testing out cardless cash machines - JP Morgan Chase and Bank of America are working on similar technology.
花旗银行并非唯一一个测试无卡取款机的金融机构。摩根大通(JP Morgan Chase)和美国银行(Bank of America)也在研发类似的技术。
The moves comes in response to US credit scoring firm FICO announcing that in May this year the number of attacks on debit cards used at ATMs had reached its highest level in 20 years.
今年5月，美国信用评分公司FICO宣布在自动取款机上使用的借贷卡遭到攻击的数量创20年新高，各个银行的举措旨在改善此现状。
托福阅读词汇：
Vocabulary
retinal：视网膜的
key in：输入，键入
preliminary：初步的
head office：(银行的)总行
touchpad：触摸板
